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Over/Under Pass vs Half-Guard, Under-Hook & Head-Control from Side-Control
Lesson Part 1 of 3 -- Marcelo clears his opponent's Half-Guard by pummeling for an Under-Hook: When you are settled on top in Half-Mount without an Under-Hook claimed yet on the far-side, keep your weight off of your opponent's upper-body, but begin pushing at their elbow, upper-arm, and shoulder to make enough space for your hand to dig inside for the Under-Hook. A common mistake is to aim too early for the terminal position and place your hand too close to your opponent's arm-pit when attempting to break inside; instead, push your arm through closer to their elbow joint and then work up towards their shoulder once you've slipped your hand behind their arm from underneath. Secure your newfound Under-Hook by clasping their shoulder as well as stabilizing it with a Cross-Face/Head-Control. Switch from their head to their near-side elbow and pull it away from their near-side knee as you placed your chest on top of their biceps while looking towards that side. Lift their arm high up and away from their Half-Guard so that you can make enough room for your free foot to find a place to step on top of their thigh as you start pulling your trapped leg free. Once you've stomped your leg out of their Half-Guard, switch back to a traditional Under-Hook & Head-Control (aka Under-Hook & Cross-Face, Super-Hold, Mune-Gatame, Chest-Lock, et al.) to stabilize the top position with your knees close their body, but also while keeping your weight above your legs.
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